辅助生殖技术的伦理检视和法治优化

Ethical Review and Legal Optimization of Assisted Reproductive Technology

摘要: 辅助生殖技术的出现引发了关于技术、伦理、法律多方面的治理问题，现有的任何一种单维度治理路径的效能都是有限的，因此需要构建复合型的多维度治理体系。在这一过程中，技术风险是辅助生殖技术治理的出发点，需要加强技术监管，构架良好的制度；然而，技术本身无法证明其应用的正当性，需要从伦理层面呼吁价值理性，发挥伦理调控的作用；最后，法律为辅助生殖提供了制度保障，应在遵循立法原则的前提下，构建辅助生殖技术的专门法律体系，最终形成以技术治理为基础、伦理治理为引领、法律治理为保障的多维度治理体系，以实现科技向善、增进人类福祉的最终目标。

Abstract: The emergence of assisted reproductive technology has triggered many governance issues regarding technology, ethics, and law. The effectiveness of any existing single-dimensional governance path is limited, so it is necessary to build a composite multi-dimensional governance system. In this process, technical risks are the starting point for the governance of assisted reproductive technology, which requires strengthening technical supervision and building a well-structured system; however, the technology itself cannot prove the legitimacy of its application, and it is necessary to appeal to value rationality from the ethical level and exert the role of ethical regulation. role; finally, the law provides institutional guarantees for assisted reproduction. A specialized legal system for assisted reproductive technology should be constructed on the premise of adhering to legislative principles, and ultimately form a multi-disciplinary legal system based on technical governance, guided by ethical governance, and protected by legal governance. Dimensional governance system to achieve the ultimate goal of using science and technology for good and improving human well-being.