积极群际关系:替代群际接触的作用与产生的内在机制
Positive Intergroup Relations: The Role and Internal Mechanisms of Substitution for Intergroup Contact
DOI: 10.12677/ass.2024.135427, PDF, 下载: 36  浏览: 61  科研立项经费支持
作者: 陈中雅:成都师范学院学生处,四川 成都;陈国梅:宣汉中学来鹿中学,四川 达州;李星睿, 陈国典:四川师范大学心理学院,四川 成都
关键词: 替代群际接触外群体态度群际关系中介作用调节作用Alternative Intergroup Contact Out-Group Attitudes Intergroup Relations Mediating Role Regulatory Effect
摘要: 替代群际接触是指通过不同的大众媒体形式来观察认知一定情境中所发生的群体间交往互动的过程。替代接触能有效改善对外群体的偏见,构建对外全体的积极态度,增强未来对外群体接触的意向。认知与情感是替代群际接触效应的两类重要的中介变量;群际接触经历、情境感知和内群体认同等是替代接触效应的主要调节变量。未来研究除了深化效应发生的内在机制外,还应加强关注特殊群体(如弱势群体等)及不同文化背景下的种族群体的研究,并加强关注维持替代接触积极效应的长效性机制。
Abstract: Alternative intergroup contact refers to the process of observing and cognizing the intergroup interaction that occurs in a certain situation through different forms of mass media. Alternative contact can effectively improve the prejudice against the outgroup, build a positive attitude towards the outgroup, and enhance the intention of outgroup contact in the future. Cognition and emotion are two important mediating variables that replace the intergroup contact effect. Background conditions, contextual awareness, and individual differences were the three main moderating variables of the vicarious exposure effect. Future research should pay attention to the substitution contact effect of special groups (such as disadvantaged groups, etc.) and different cultural backgrounds. Explore how to maintain the conditions for the positive long-term effect of alternative exposure.
文章引用:陈中雅, 陈国梅, 李星睿, 陈国典. 积极群际关系:替代群际接触的作用与产生的内在机制[J]. 社会科学前沿, 2024, 13(5): 541-548. https://doi.org/10.12677/ass.2024.135427

参考文献

[1] Lemmer, G. and Wagner, U. (2015) Can We Really Reduce Ethnic Prejudice outside the Lab? A Meta-Analysis of Direct and Indirect Contact Interventions. European Journal of Social Psychology, 45, 152-168.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2079
[2] Miles, E. and Crisp, R.J. (2014) A Meta-Analytic Test of the Imagined Contact Hypothesis. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17, 3-26.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430213510573
[3] Pettigrew, T.F. and Tropp, L.R. (2006) A Meta-Analytic Test of Intergroup Contact Theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 751-783.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.751
[4] 李森森, 龙长权, 陈庆飞, 李红. 群际接触理论——一种改善群际关系的理论[J]. 心理科学进展, 2010, 18(5): 831-839.
[5] Vezzali, L., Di Bernardo, G.A., Stathi, S., Visintin, E.P. and Hewstone, M. (2018) Using Intercultural Videos of Direct Contact to Implement Vicarious Contact: A School-Based Intervention That Improves Intergroup Attitudes. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 22, 1059-1076.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430218809885
[6] Zhou, S., Page-Gould, E., Aron, A., Moyer, A. and Hewstone, M. (2019) The Extended Contact Hypothesis: A Meta-Analysis on 20 Years of Research. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 23, 132-160.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868318762647
[7] Makinen, V., Jasinskaja-Lahti, I., Renvik, T.A., et al. (2019) Improving Outgroup Attitudes in Schools: First Steps toward a Teacher-Led Vicarious Contact Intervention. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 60, 77-86.
https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12505
[8] Andrews, N.P., Yogeeswaran, K., Walker, M.J. and Hewstone, M. (2018) Effect of Valenced Vicarious Online Contact on Out-Group Prejudice and Perceived Out-Group Variability: A Study of Online Poker. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 48, 571-581.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12548
[9] Cadenas, G.A., Cisneros, J., Todd, N.R. and Spanierman, L.B. (2018) DREAMzone: Testing Two Vicarious Contact Interventions to Improve Attitudes toward Undocumented Immigrants. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 11 295-308.
https://doi.org/10.1037/dhe0000055
[10] Huang, F., Shi, K.K., Zhou, M.J., Stathi, S. and Vezzali, L. (2020) Can Interethnic Contact Between Majority (Han) and Minority (Uyghur) People in China Influence Sense of Chinese National Community? The Role of Positive and Negative Direct, Extended and Vicarious Intergroup Contact. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 77, 125-139.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2020.05.008
[11] Husnu, S., Mertan, B. and Cicek, O. (2016) Reducing Turkish Cypriot Children’s Prejudice toward Greek Cypriots: Vicarious and Extended Intergroup Contact through Storytelling. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 21, 178-192.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430216656469
[12] Di Bernardo, G.A., Vezzali, L., Stathi, S., et al. (2017) Vicarious, Extended and Imagined Intergroup Contact: A Review of Interventions Based on Indirect Contact Strategies Applied in Educational Settings. Tpm-Testing Psychometrics Methodology in Applied Psychology, 24, 3-21.
[13] Makinen, V., Liebkind, K., Jasinskaja-Lahti, I., et al. (2019) A Teacher-Led Vicarious Contact Intervention in Culturally Mixed Classrooms with In-and Outgroup Role Models of Intergroup Friendship. Journal of School Psychology, 75, 27-40.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2019.07.002
[14] Vezzali, L., Lolliot, S., et al. (2022) Effects of Intergroup Contact on Explicit and Implicit Outgroup Attitudes: A Longitudinal Field Study with Majority and Minority Group Members. British Journal of Social Psychology, 43, 86-97.
[15] Cocco, V.M., Bisagno, E., Di Bernardo, et al. (2020) Comparing Story Reading and Video Watching as Two Distinct Forms of Vicarious Contact: An Experimental Intervention among Elementary School Children. British Journal of Social Psychology, 31, 291-301.
[16] Vezzali, L., Hewstone, M., Capozza, D., Trifiletti, E. and Bernardo, G.A.D. (2017) Improving Intergroup Relations with Extended Contact among Young Children: Mediation by Intergroup Empathy and Moderation by Direct Intergroup Contact. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 27, 35-49.
https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2292
[17] Schiappa, E., Gregg, P.B. and Hewes, D.E. (2006) Can One TV Show Make a Difference? Will & Grace and the Parasocial Contact Hypothesis. Journal of Homosexuality, 51, 15-37.
https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v51n04_02
[18] Capozza, D., Falvo, R., Trifiletti, E. and Pagani, A. (2014) Cross-Group Friendships, Extended Contact, and Humanlity Attributions to Homosexuals. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114, 276-282.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.698
[19] 高承海, 万明钢. 关于群际接触减少偏见的机制: 一项整合的研究[J]. 心理科学, 2018, 41(4): 922-928.
[20] Vezzali, L., Hewstone, M., Capozza, D., Giovannini, D. and Wölfer, R. (2014) Improving Intergroup Relations with Extended and Vicarious Forms of Indirect Contact. European Review of Social Psychology, 25, 314-389.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10463283.2014.982948
[21] Gomez, A. and Huici, C. (2008) Vicarious Intergroup Contact and the Role of Authorities in Prejudice Reduction. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 11, 103-114.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1138741600004169
[22] Brown, R. and Hewstone, M. (2005) An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Contact. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 37, 255-343.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(05)37005-5
[23] Vezzali, L., Stathi, S. and Giovannini, D. (2012) Indirect Contact through Book Reading: Improving Adolescents’ Attitudes and Behavioral Intentions toward Immigrants. Psychology in the Schools, 49, 148-162.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(05)37005-5
[24] Moyer-Gusé, E., Dale, K.R. and Ortiz, M. (2019) Reducing Prejudice through Narratives. Journal of Media Psychology, 31, 185-195.
https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000249
[25] Bilali, R. and Vollhardt, J.R. (2013) Priming Effects of a Reconciliation Radio Drama on Historical Perspective-Taking in the Aftermath of Mass Violence in Rwanda. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49, 144-151.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2012.08.011
[26] Visintin, E.P., Voci, A., Pagotto, L. and Hewstone, M. (2017) Direct, Extended, and Mass-Mediated Contact with Immigrants in Italy: Their Associations with Emotions, Prejudice, and Humanity Perceptions. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 47, 175-194.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12423
[27] Joyce, N. and Harwood, J. (2014) Improving Intergroup Attitudes through Televised Vicarious Intergroup Contact: Social Cognitive Processing of Ingroup and Outgroup Information. Communication Research, 41, Article No. 627.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650212447944
[28] Pagotto, L. and Voci, A. (2013) Direct and Mass-Mediated Contact: The Role of Different Intergroup Emotions. Testing Psychometrics Methodology in Applied Psychology, 20, 365-381.
[29] Liebkind, K., Makinen, V., Jasinskaja-Lahti, I., Renvik, T.A. and Solheim, E.F. (2019) Improving Outgroup Attitudes in Schools: First Steps toward a Teacher-Led Vicarious Contact Intervention. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 60, 77-86.
https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12505
[30] Voci, A., Hewstone, M., Swart, H. and Veneziani, C.A. (2015) Refining the Association between Intergroup Contact and Intergroup Forgiveness in Northern Ireland: Type of Contact, Prior Conflict Experience, and Group Identification. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 18, 589-608.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430215577001
[31] Hayward, L.E., Tropp, L.R., Hornsey, M.J. and Barlow, F.K. (2017) Toward a Comprehensive Understanding of Intergroup Contact: Descriptions and Mediators of Positive and Negative Contact among Majority and Minority Groups. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 43, 347-364.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167216685291
[32] 王沛, 陶爱华, 冯夏影, 王逸博. 内群体认同对外群体幸灾乐祸的影响[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2021, 29(2): 397-400.