太阳中微子能够加热地球吗？

Can Solar Neutrinos Heat the Earth?

摘要: 驱动地幔对流和板块运动、维持地磁场、形成地热流等能量来源，一直存在争议。最新的地球中微子探测表明，地球内部放射性元素衰变能为地球提供了约23 TW的能量，约相当于地球内部向地表辐射热流47 ± 2 TW的一半，还有至少一半的能量来源不明确。曾有研究推测，太阳中微子能够加热地球。但是，由于中微子与物质的作用截面非常小，所以普遍认为，除了少量来自宇宙的极高能量中微子外，太阳中微子不可能在地球内部产生明显的热效应。然而，最新的研究证实，中微子在晶体中传播时会发生相干散射，这将大幅度提高其作用截面。计算表明，中微子与晶体的相干散射作用截面与散射体粒子数的4/3次方成正比。在这里，我们根据地球内部晶体分布情况，估算了太阳中微子与地球晶体的相干散射产生的热效应。结果表明，当地球内部的晶体份额占到某种比例，晶体尺寸达到千克级时，中微子与地球晶体物质作用释放的能量可达12.39~42.02 TW，完全可以加热地球，为地球演化提供能源。

Abstract: There are always disputes about the energy sources such as driving mantle convection and plate motion, maintaining geomagnetic field and forming geothermal heat flow. The latest geoneutrinos detection shows that the decay of radioactive elements in the earth's interior can provide about 23TW of energy to the earth, it's about half of the heat that radiates from the earth's interior to the earth's surface(47 ± 2 TW), and at least half of that energy is from unknown sources. Some studies have speculated that solar neutrinos could heat the earth. We think that's possible, because neutrinos scatter coherently as they travel through the crystal, this greatly increases their cross section. The research shows that the cross section of the coherent scattering of neutrinos in the crystal is directly proportional to the fourth third square of the number of particles. Here, we analyze the crystal structure and distribution of the earth's interior, and discuss the heat generation of the coherent scattering of solar neutrinos and the earth's interior crystals. Our research shows that the coherent scattering of solar neutrinos and earth crystals produces a significant thermal effect when the crystal share in the earth is a certain proportion and the crystal size reaches the kilogram level, the energy released can reach 12.39 - 42.02 TW, which can provide energy for earth's evolution.