走滑断裂系对碳酸盐岩“断溶体”油藏形成的控制作用—以塔河油田托甫台北为例

Strike-Slip Fault System and It’s Controlling on the Formation of “Reservoir of Fault Controlling Dissolution”—A Case Study of Toufutai Area, Tahe Oil Fields

摘要: 塔河油田是在塔里木盆地发现的特大碳酸盐岩油气田。开发实践表明，断裂的形成演化及成因机制，以及对溶蚀作用的控制作用规律还需要进一步深化研究。本文以塔河油田托甫台区为例，利用高精度三维地震资料及油田生产动态资料，在对断裂系统特征、形成演化及其成因机制系统解析的基础上，结合溶洞分布的解释，研究分析走滑断裂对溶洞形成的控制和影响。结果表明，加里东中期–海西运动早期形成的走滑断裂均是“控洞断裂”，其中断层规模、构造样式、断裂活动期次、奥陶系隔水层桑塔木组的分布是控制溶洞发育的主要因素。该认识丰富了碳酸盐岩“断溶体圈闭”理论的内涵，并对塔里木其他油田进一步的勘探开发有指导意义。

Abstract: Tahe Oilfield is a large carbonate oil field found in the Tarim Basin. The development practice shows that the fault formation, evolution and the mechanism of the control, as well as the law controlling, the carbonate dissolution need to further deepen study. In this paper, Toufutai area as a case study, using high-precision three-dimensional seismic data and oil field production dynamic data, the Or-dovician fault system in Tuofuai area of Tahe Oilfields was studied. Based on the analysis of the cha-racteristics, formation, evolution and origin mechanism of the fault system, and the interpretation of the karst cave distribution, this paper studies the control and influence of the strike slip fault on the formation of the karst cave. The results show that the strike-slip faults formed in the early Caledonian-Hercynian movement are “carst cave controlling fault”, in which the fault scale, structural style, fault activity period, the distribution of waterproofing layer of Ordovician Suangtamu formation are the main factors of carst cave development. This knowledge enriches the connotation of the theory of “reservoir of fault related dissolution” of carbonate rock and has the guiding significance for further exploration and development of other oil fields in Tarim Basin.