不同改良剂对作物生长发育及产量的影响
The Influence of Using Different Amendments on the Growth and Yields of the Crop
DOI: 10.12677/HJAS.2017.73023, PDF, HTML, XML, 下载: 1,453  浏览: 2,292  国家科技经费支持
作者: 李 莉:宁夏大学农学院,宁夏 银川;张 鑫, 施建新:华夏银行股份有限公司,宁夏 银川;代晓华*:宁夏大学,宁夏 银川
关键词: 马铃薯油葵土壤改良剂生长发育产量Potato Sun Flower Soil Amendment Growth Yield
摘要: 为研究干旱区土壤施用改良剂对作物生长发育的影响,本试验在不同年份以马铃薯、油葵为试验材料,在滴灌条件下施用不同土壤改良剂进行试验。试验均采用单因素随机区组设计,对施用不同改良剂下马铃薯、油葵的生长发育及产量进行了研究。结果表明:不同改良剂对作物的生长发育均有不同程度的促进作用,不同改良剂的促进作用不同。马铃薯的试验中,宁大改良剂II型的效果最好,其处理下的小区产量(1163.05 ± 191.14 kg)最高,对株高和叶面积也有促进作用。油葵的试验中,宁大改良剂I型和宁大改良剂II型施用效果比市售改良剂和生物有机肥的改良效果显著,能显著影响茎粗(宁大改良剂II型33.13 mm和宁大改良剂I型29.82 mm)、干物质质量(宁大改良剂II型1581.398 kg和宁大改良剂I型1472.305 kg)、叶面积指数(宁大改良剂II型6.72和宁大改良剂I型6.18为最适宜),产量结果也以宁大改良剂I型和宁大改良剂II型的最高,宁大改良剂I型(255.57 ± 25.93 kg)产量最高。试验结果说明,施用改良剂对油葵和马铃薯生长、产量都有促进作用,且以宁大改良剂I型和宁大改良剂II型的效果最好。
Abstract: In order to study the effects of soil amendments on the growth and development of crops in arid regions, the experiment was conducted in different years by using different kinds of soil amend-ments. The single factor randomized block design was used to study the growth and yield of potato and oil sunflower under different amendments. The results showed that different modifiers had different effects on the growth and development of crops. In the experiment of potato, type II had the best effect, and the yield (1163.05 ± 191.14 kg) was highest, and the plant height and leaf area were also promoted. In the experiment of oil sunflower, the improvement effect of type I and type II was significantly better than that of the modified agent and bio organic fertilizer, and they can significantly affect the stem diameter (Ningda modifier type II 33.13 mm and Ningda modifier type I 29.82 mm), dry matter (Ningda modifier type II 1581.398 kg and Ningda modifier type I 1472.305 kg), leaf area index (Ningda modifier type II 6.72 and Ningda modifier type I 6.18 was most suitable), and the results also showed that the highest yield was the best type I and II of modified agent, and Ningda modifier type I (255.57 ± 25 .93 kg) was highest. The results showed that the application of amendments had a positive effect on the growth and yield of oil sunflower and potato, and the best effect was found in the type I and the type II modi- fier.
文章引用:李莉, 张鑫, 施建新, 代晓华. 不同改良剂对作物生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 农业科学, 2017, 7(3): 179-187. https://doi.org/10.12677/HJAS.2017.73023

参考文献

[1] 王桂华. 油葵栽培技术[J]. 现代农业科技, 2011(8): 53-56.
[2] 宋元林. 马铃薯、姜、山药芋[M]. 北京: 科学技术出版社, 1998: 11-13.
[3] 于振文. 作物栽培学各论[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003: 236-254.
[4] 佟屏亚. 中国马铃薯栽培史[J]. 中国科技史料, 1980, 11(1): 10.
[5] 屈冬玉, 谢开云, 金黎平, 等. 中国马铃薯产业发展与食物安全[J]. 中国农业科学, 2005(2): 358-362.
[6] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAOSTAT[DB/OL].
http://faostat3.fao.Org/faostat-gateway/go/to/download/Q/QC/E,2014/2/8
[7] 杜茜, 闫兴富. 宁夏马铃薯产业现状与发展对策[J]. 中国马铃薯, 2010, 24(2): 67-69.
[8] 高永恒. 土壤改良剂对多年生黑麦草生长特性和土壤理化性质的影响研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2004.
[9] Bouranis, D.L., Theodopoulos, A.G. and Drossopoulos, J.B. (1995) Designing Synthetic Polymers as Soil Conditioners. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 26, 1455-1480.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629509369384
[10] 董钻, 沈秀瑛. 作物栽培学总论[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2009: 72-77.
[11] 周永金, 舒雅琼, 伊力江, 等. 地佳盐碱改良剂在油葵上的施用效果试验[J]. 农村科技, 2009(6): 35-36.
[12] 刘文志, 田艳洪, 等. 土壤改良剂对渍涝农田作物生长发育的影响[J]. 现代化农业, 2012(12): 13-15.
[13] 樊云茜, 杨海峰, 等. 晋南夏播油葵杂交种农艺性状与产量关系的研究[J]. 农学学报, 2011, 1(11): 22-25.