水通道蛋白在肾脏纤维化中作用研究进展

The Role of Aquaporins in Renal Fibrosis

摘要: 肾脏纤维化是多种慢性肾病发展到一定阶段常见的病理改变，是一种进行性的几乎不可能的损伤过程，最终会引发肾脏功能损伤并引发肾衰竭。上皮间充质转分化(EMT)是一种在病理状态下上皮细胞改变表型，细胞间粘附因子表达减少，成纤维特征性细胞因子表达增加，细胞逐渐向成纤维细胞转变的进程。EMT过程在肾间质纤维化中起到重要调控作用。水通道蛋白是肾脏中高度表达的负责水分转运的膜蛋白，当肾脏纤维化发生时，水通道蛋白的表达将发生变化，对肾脏疾病的发生与调控起到重要作用。本文综述了多种水通道蛋白在肾脏纤维化疾病中的作用及机制，并对水通道蛋白作为潜在靶点调控纤维化中的EMT过程进行了一定展望。

Abstract: Renal fibrosis is a common pathological characteristic that usually appears during the process of chronic kidney diseases (CKD), which is a kind of progressive damage and almost irreversible. Renal fibrosis induces kidney dysfunction and finally causes renal failure. Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a pathological process that the epithelial cells lose their original characteristic and express the feature of fibroblast. Renal epithelial mesenchymal transition plays a critical role in renal fibrosis and regulates the process of renal fibrosis. Aquaporin (AQP) is a kind of water channel protein that highly expressed in kidney, which is involved in water transport and the formation of osmotic pressure in kidney. The expression of AQPs changes when renal fibrosis occurs. Many renal diseases cause imbalance of water transport, so AQPs in kidney may take part in the regulation of various renal diseases, especially renal fibrosis. This article reviews the function and mechanism between various kinds of AQPs and renal fibrosis. At last, we make an outlook on AQPs as the potential target of the EMT process in renal fibrosis.

文章引用：张旻澄, 李霁, 于锋. 水通道蛋白在肾脏纤维化中作用研究进展[J]. 药物资讯, 2017, 6(2): 55-61. https://doi.org/10.12677/PI.2017.62010

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