伊犁马消化道寄生虫优势虫种及消长规律研究

Investigation on Dominant Species and Growth and Decline Law of Intestinal Parasites in Yili Horses

摘要: 为了解伊犁马消化道寄生虫优势虫种及消长规律，笔者采用寄生虫病原学(粪便)常规检查方法对100匹伊犁马进行1年的定点观察。结果显示：伊犁马消化道寄生虫总感染率为87.7% (87/99)，主要有马圆线虫、马副蛔虫、毛线虫、细颈三齿线虫、球虫、侏儒副裸头绦虫等虫种。其中马圆线虫感染率最高85.8%、毛线虫感染率次之79.9%、马副蛔虫感染率为第三74.7%，以上虫种为伊犁马消化道寄生虫的优势虫种。以上优势虫种在一年四季均能感染马匹，其春、夏、秋、冬季平均感染率分别为87.3%、81.2%、84.4%、74.7%，伊犁马消化道优势虫种感染率与季节有密切关系，马圆线虫春、秋两季感染率远高于夏、冬两季，而马副蛔虫春季感染率高于其他三季，毛线虫春、秋两季感染率略高于夏、冬季。建议马匹每年定期驱虫2~3次。

Abstract: The author uses parasitic pathogens (feces) routine method to the local region of one hundred Yili horses for 1 year of fixed-point observation, investigation and test to understand the dominant species and growth and decline law of intestinal parasites in Yili horses. The results showed that: the total infection of digestive tract parasite rate was 87.7% (87/99) in Yili horses. The main spe-cies are Strongylus equines, Parascaris equorum, Trichonema spp., Triodontophorus tenuicollis, E. uniungulati, Paranoplocephala mamillana and so on. The infection rate of Strongylus equines was the highest, up to 85.8%. The second was Trichonema spp. which was 79.9%. Trichonema spp. in-fection was 74.7%. The above species were the dominant species of intestinal parasites in Yili horses. The above species can infect horses throughout the year. The average infection rates in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 87.3%, 81.2%, 84.4% and 74.7%. The infection rate of dominant species is closely related to the season. The infection rate of Strongylus equines in spring and autumn is much higher than that in summer and winter, while the infection rate of Parascaris equorum in spring is higher than that in other three seasons. The infection rate of Trichonema spp. in spring and autumn is slightly higher than that in summer and winter. It is suggested that the horses should be dewormed 2 - 3 times one year regularly.