摘要:
甘蓝型油菜种子含有大量的多酚物质，主要是羟基苯丙烯酸衍生物、原花色素和类黄酮衍生物，不同研究者对多酚物质的研究方法各异。本文使用化学分析和HPLC-ESI/MS2分析，首先研究了不同溶液在不同温度下对油菜籽多酚物质萃取效率的影响，发现80%的丙酮水溶液在室温条件下对油菜籽多酚的萃取效率最高。进一步对未成熟种子种皮和胚多酚物质进行研究，发现总酚和总类黄酮含量种皮明显高于胚。多酚物质中，种皮类黄酮和原花色素的含量要高于胚，但羟基苯丙烯酸衍生物的含量要低于胚。芥子碱是油菜籽中含量最丰富的多酚物质，主要存在于胚当中。而表儿茶素是含量最丰富的类黄酮物质，主要存在于种皮当中。
Abstract: Phenolics are abundant in seeds of Brassica napus, mainly including hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, proanthocyanidins (PAs) and flavonoid derivatives. Different research methods have been reported by researchers. In this research, both chemical analysis and HPLC-ESI/MS2 analysis were conducted to compare the different compositions of soluble phenolics in embryo and seed coat of B. napus. The extraction parameters were also optimized by comparing single factors like extraction temperature and solvent. And the results showed that room temperature and solvent of 80% acetone yielded the maximum phenolics. Further comparison showed that total phenolics and flavonoids in seed coat were much higher than in embryo of immature seeds. Among the identified phenolics, flavonoid and proanthocyanidin in seed coat were higher than in embryo, whereas derivatives of hydroxyl-cinnamic acid were lower accumulated in seed coat than embryo. Sinapine, as the most abundant phenolics, was mainly existed in embryo. And epicatechin was abundant in seed coat, which was well known as the most abundant flavonoids.