综合楼宇火灾疏散路线研究

Research on Fire Evacuation Routes of Integrated Buildings

摘要: 利用科学有效的方法规划应急疏散路线，对提高综合楼宇内的应急效果、提高救援速度和减小灾害损失具有重要作用。综合楼宇是火灾易发区，在火灾发生时，楼内布局和设施的布置可能使疏散能力降低，应急出口的分配和疏散路线的规划是逃生和救援的关键因素。本文着重研究了综合楼宇应急疏散路线的规划方法，推导出算法，并在实际案例中进行应用验证，利用应急疏散空间网络模型和性能变量，结合应急疏散路线的最优化及动态模拟分析，构建出疏散时间最小化为目标的疏散路线。此方法可运用在大多数综合楼宇的火灾疏散应用中，为其他综合楼宇的应急疏散应用提供参考借鉴。

Abstract: Scientifically and effectively planning emergency evacuation routes has an important role in en-hancing emergency response, improving rescue speed and reducing disaster losses in complex buildings. Complex building is a fire prone area. In the case of fire, the layout and facilities layout may reduce the evacuation capacity, and the distribution of emergency exits and evacuation routes planning are the key factors for escape and rescue. This paper focuses on the comprehensive building emergency evacuation route planning method, and applied and verified in the actual case. Using evacuation space network model and performance variables, combined with the optimization of emergency evacuation routes and dynamic simulation analysis, evacuation routes with the goal of minimizing evacuation time are constructed. This method can be used as a reference for emergency evacuation of other complex buildings.