不同形貌纳米镍粉的制备

Preparation of Nanoparticles of Metallic Nickel with Different Morphology

摘要: 以粗镍粉(平均粒径为24.6 μm)和氯化钠为原料，将两者按不同的摩尔比混合，700℃下氯化得到氯化镍与氯化钠的低共熔混合物。在900℃加热使低共熔物熔化挥发，氢气还原挥发物即得到不同形貌和粒径的高纯镍粉。当NaCl/Ni摩尔比为4.0，制备出了平均粒径为97.42 nm的球形钠米镍粉；当NaCl/Ni摩尔比为2.0，制备出了平均粒径为101.92 nm的立方体形超细镍粉；没有氯化钠添加，制备出的镍粉颗粒是烧结在一起的，并且没有规则形状。导致以上现象的可能原因被探讨了。

Abstract: Some anhydrous eutectics composed of nickel chloride and sodium chloride were obtained by chlorinating the mixtures of sodium chloride and row nickel (average particle size 24.6 μm) with different molar ratios at 700°C. The eutectics were smelt and vaporized at 900°C and the vaporized eutectics were reduced by H2 into nickel powders of high purity with different shapes and different particle sizes. When the molar ratio of NaCl/Ni was 4.0, some spherical nanoparticles of nickel with average particle size 97.42 nm were synthesized. When the molar ratio of NaCl/Ni was 2.0, some cubic superfine particles of nickel with average particle size 101.92 nm were synthesized. Without addition of NaCl, some sintered nickel particles of irregular shape were synthesized. The plausible reasons were given to explain above phenomena.