中国高速列车牵引传动系统比较分析

Comparison of Chinese High-Speed Train Traction Drive System

摘要: 本文主要介绍中国高速列车的主要车型，并且重点从技术层面上对比分析了CRH1、CRH2、CRH3、CRH5、CRH380A和CRH380B型动车组的牵引传动系统的主回路及其控制的特点，同时就CRH2型动车组的脉冲整流器和逆变器的主体结构进行了详细的介绍和分析，分析了3电平脉冲整流器的优缺点，同时与具有典型特点的CRH5型车的载波移相多重化的控制特点进行了分析和对比。就CRH2和CRH5型车的中间直流环节和逆变器的控制策略、控制方法进行了详细的介绍和解释，对比其各方面特性的差异，从而得出结论。对于中间直流环节的二次脉动的处理方面，CRH2、CRH5和CRH380A通过逆变器的软件控制，调节逆变器频率，使逆变器输出电压在正负周期的电压与时间乘积趋于相等，来消除二次谐波电压的影响，而CRH3和CRH380B设置了二次谐波吸收回路，通过LC串联谐振电路来消除二次谐波。各车型都采用异步电机的矢量控制，以间接矢量控制为主。

Abstract: The paper mainly introduces Chinese high-speed trains and analyzes the characteristics of the main circuit and the control block diagram of CRH1, CRH2, CRH3, CRH5, CRH380A and CRH380B. At the same time, the detailed description and analysis of the structure of the pulse converter and the inverter of CRH2 are introduced. The paper also compares the advantages and disadvantages of the tri-level pulse rectifier and the carrier phase shift multi-pulse. Through considering the control strategy of CRH2’s and CRH5’s DC link and the inverter control method in detail and explaining the differences in different aspects, the conclusion is drawn. CRH2, CRH5 and CRH380A adjust the inverter frequency through the inverter control software, so that the product of voltage and time of the inverter’s output voltage can be equal in the positive and negative cycle to eliminate the influence of the second harmonic voltage. While the CRH3 and CRH380B set the second harmonic absorption circuit, the LC series resonant circuit is used to eliminate the second harmonic. All these motors use the vector control. Indirect vector control is mainly used.