美国黄石公园间歇泉成因机制探讨

Study on the Genesis of Geysers in American Yellowstone National Park

摘要: 美国黄石公园内的间歇泉是一个奇特的地质景观，它们是如何形成的？目前关于黄石公园的间歇泉成因是用海底扩张和板块构造的模式解释的，但这种模式在其他地区存在自相矛盾的地方。本文结合作者提出的大陆漂移的源动力——板块自驱动模式，给出了另外一个全新的成因模式，该模式说明当大陆板块漂移时，会在板块运动的前方产生刮蹭堆积及挤压形成山脉高原，同时也可能刮起一些深海含水物质形成深部含水圈闭，该含水圈闭还会与深部岩浆连通，在板块运动中，不断接受应力变化，产生间歇泉。同时也会在板块后方形成深海沉积。通过对美国西部落基山脉的对比发现，该模型与实际情况吻合很好。该成因模型为我们重新认识北美洲地理环境成因提供了一个新的思路。

Abstract: Yellowstone geyser is a unique geological landscape, how it was formed? Current explanation about Yellowstone geysers is that it was formed by seafloor spreading and plate tectonics model, but these models cannot explain in many cases and even have contradictory. Combined with the model “source power for continental drifting-plate self- driven mode” by the author, a new genetic model was given in this paper, that is when the continental plates drift, mountains and plateaus were formed in front of the plate motion by Scratching accumulation and extrusion force. It may also whip up some deep-sea water-containing material to the formation of the deep aquifer traps, and the aqueous traps also communicate with the deep magma, it will receive continuous stress changes in the movement of tectonic plates, thus produces geysers. At the same time, deep-sea sediment was formed in its rear. This model fits very well with the Rocky Mountains of North America. The genetic model provides us a new way to rethink the origin model of the North America geographical environment.