面向链路动态性的低轨卫星网络路由优化策略

Routing Optimization Strategy for Low-Orbit Satellite Networks with Dynamic Links

摘要: 低轨卫星网络因其高度动态的拓扑结构和链路状态的不确定性，在提供广域覆盖能力的同时也面临路径中断频繁、服务质量难以保障等挑战。为此，本文提出一种基于稳定性感知的自适应路由算法(Stability-Aware Adaptive Routing, SAAR)，该算法基于软件定义网络(Software Defined Networking, SDN)实现链路状态的集中监控与路径策略的动态控制，创新性地建立了链路稳定性评估模型，用以量化链路在网络演化过程中的稳定性特征，并据此筛选出具备长期可达性的候选路径。在此基础上，进一步引入服务质量指标构建路径综合评价机制，对候选路径进行多维度性能评估，从而实现最优路径的动态选择与实时更新。实验结果表明，SAAR在端到端时延、吞吐率与丢包率等性能指标上均优于现有典型动态路由算法，验证了其在高动态卫星网络环境中的有效性与鲁棒性。

Abstract: Due to its highly dynamic topological structure and uncertainty of link status, low-orbit satellite networks face challenges such as frequent path interruptions and difficult to ensure service quality while providing wide-area coverage. To this end, this paper proposes a stability-aware adaptive routing algorithm (SAAR) based on software defined networking (SDN). The algorithm realizes centralized monitoring of link status and dynamic control of path strategy based on software defined networking (SDN). It innovatively establishes a link stability evaluation model to quantify the stability characteristics of links during network evolution and screen out candidate paths with long-term reachability. On this basis, service quality indicators are further introduced to construct a comprehensive path evaluation mechanism, and multi-dimensional performance evaluation of candidate paths is performed to achieve dynamic selection and real-time update of the optimal path. Experimental results show that SAAR outperforms existing typical dynamic routing algorithms in performance indicators such as end-to-end delay, throughput and packet loss rate, verifying its effectiveness and robustness in highly dynamic satellite network environments.