黄河中游湿地植物多样性特征研究

Plant Diversity Characteristics of Wetland in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River

摘要: 以黄河中游湿地植物为研究对象，构建了黄河中游湿地植物谱系树。采用谱系多样性指数(PD)、群落谱系结构指数(净谱系亲缘关系指数NRI和最近种间亲缘关系指数NTI)和7个功能多样性指数(功能丰富度指数FAD1、FDp、FDc、FRic；功能均匀度指数FEve；功能离散度指数Rao、FDis)，分析了黄河中游湿地植物的谱系多样性、谱系结构与功能多样性，并计算了物种多样性指数(物种丰富度指数Patrick、物种均匀度指数Pielou和综合表示物种丰富度与物种均匀度的Shannon-Wiener以及Simpson指数)。结果表明：(1) 13个样地谱系多样性指数的范围在706.894~2289.170，PD值从大到小依次为：S1 > S12 > S3 > S6 > S2 > S4 > S5 > S13 > S9 > S7 > S11 > S8 > S10；样地S1、S9、S12和S13中，群落谱系结构为聚集模式，物种之间有聚集的趋势；其他样地中的NRI指数与NTI指数结果正负不一致；样地S2的功能丰富度最低，样地S1的功能丰富度最高，样地S2的功能均匀度最低，样地S4的功能均匀度最高，由于Rao的计算公式未修订，其值越大说明离散度越小，说明样地S2的功能离散度低的可能性较大。(2) PD与NRI、NTI、Patrick指数之间分别呈显著正相关(p = 0.045)、显著负相关(p = 0.015)和显著正相关(p = 0.000)；NRI与Patrick指数之间呈显著正相关(p = 0.021)，其余指数之间均无显著相关性。

Abstract: Taking the wetland plants in the middle reaches of the Yellow River as the research object, the phylogenetic tree of the wetland plants was constructed. Pedigree diversity index (PD), community lineage structure index (net genetic relationship index, NRI and recent interspecific relationship index, NTI), functional diversity index (FAD1, FDp, FDc, FRic, FEve, Rao and Dis) were used to analyze the phylogenetic diversity, pedigree structure and functional diversity of wetland plants in the middle reaches of the Yellow River were analyzed, and the species diversity index was also calculated. The main results are as follows: (1) Based on the APGIII classification system, the range of α diversity index (PD) of the 13 plots was calculated from the phylogenetic software Phylocom in the range of 706.894 - 2289.17, and the PD values were in the order of S1 > S12 > S3 > S6 > S2 > S4 > S5 > S13 > S9 > S7 > S11 > S8 > S10. By studying the structure of the community, we found that in the plots S1, S9, S12 and S13, the community lineage structure was the aggregation pattern, and the species had a tendency to gather. In the other plots, the relationship between NRI and NTI was positive and negative, which led to the inability to determine whether the community lineage was aggregated or divergent. The functional richness of plot S2 was the lowest, and plot S1 was the highest. The functional evenness of sample S2 was the lowest, and plot S4 was the highest. Since Rao’s formula is not revised, the larger the value, the smaller the dispersion is, indicating that the likelihood of low dispersion of the plot S2 was greater. (2) PD showed significantly positive correlation with NRI (p = 0.045), negative correlation with NTI (p = 0.015), and positive correlation with species diversity index (p = 0.000). There was a significantly positive correlation between NRI and species diversity index (p = 0.021). There was no significant correlation between the other indices.