[1]
|
Rudd, K.E., Johnson, S.C., Agesa, K.M., et al. (2020) Global, Regional, and National Sepsis Incidence and Mortality, 1990-2017: Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. The Lancet, 395, 200-211.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32989-7
|
[2]
|
Xie, J., Wang, H., Kang, Y., et al. (2020) The Epidemiology of Sepsis in Chinese ICUs: A National Cross-Sectional Survey. Critical Care Medicine, 48, e209-e218. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000004155
|
[3]
|
Liu, Y.C., Yao, Y., Yu, M.M., et al. (2022) Frequency and Mortality of Sepsis and Septic Shock in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BMC Infectious Diseases, 22, Article No. 564.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07543-8
|
[4]
|
Gao, Y.L., Yao, Y., Zhang, X., et al. (2022) Regulatory T Cells: Angels or Demons in the Pathophysiology of Sepsis? Frontiers in Immunology, 13, Article ID: 829210. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.829210
|
[5]
|
Agnello, L., Giglio, R.V., Bivona, G., et al. (2021) The Value of a Complete Blood Count (CBC) for Sepsis Diagnosis and Prognosis. Diagnostics (Basel), 11, Article 1881. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11101881
|
[6]
|
Buonacera, A., Stancanelli, B., Colaci, M., et al. (2022) Neutro-phil to Lymphocyte Ratio: An Emerging Marker of the Relationships between the Immune System and Diseases. Interna-tional Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23, Article 3636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073636
|
[7]
|
Azab, B., Camacho-Rivera, M. and Taioli, E. (2014) Average Values and Racial Differences of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio among a Nationally Representative Sample of United States Subjects. PLOS ONE, 9, e112361.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112361
|
[8]
|
Lattanzi, S., Brigo, F., Trinka, E., et al. (2019) Neutro-phil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage: A System Review. Translational Stroke Research, 10, 137-145. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-018-0649-4
|
[9]
|
Kim, S., Eliot, M., Koestler, D.C., et al. (2018) Associa-tion of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio with Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease in the Jackson Heart Study and Modification by the Duffy Antigen Variant. JAMA Cardiology, 3, 455-462. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2018.1042
|
[10]
|
Templeton, A.J., McNamara, M.G., Šeruga, B., et al. (2014) Prognostic Role of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 106, dju124.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/dju124
|
[11]
|
Alkhatip, A.A.A.M.M., Kamel, M.G., Hamza, M.K., et al. (2021) The Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Me-ta-Analysis. Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 21, 505-514. https://doi.org/10.1080/14737159.2021.1915773
|
[12]
|
Addaì, M.F., Haposan, J.H., Kusumawardani, H.T., et al. (2020) The Prognostic Role of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) on Sepsis and Related Mortality. International Journal of Infectious Diseases (S1), 101, 276.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJID.2020.09.723
|
[13]
|
Sadaka, F., O’Brien, J. and Prakash, S. (2013) Red Cell Distribu-tion width and Outcome in Patients with Septic Shock. Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, 28, 307-313. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885066612452838
|
[14]
|
Hausfater, P., Robert Boter, N., Morales Indiano, C., et al. (2021) Monocyte Distribution width (MDW) Performance as an Early Sepsis Indicator in the Emergency Department: Compar-ison with CRP and Procalcitonin in a Multicenter International European Prospective Study. Critical Care, 25, Article No. 227.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-021-03622-5
|
[15]
|
Vélez-Páez, J.L., Legua, P., Vélez-Páez, P., et al. (2022) Mean Platelet Volume and Mean Platelet Volume to Platelet Count Ratio as Predictors of Severity and Mortality in Sepsis. PLOS ONE, 17, e0262356.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262356
|
[16]
|
Wang, G., Mivefroshan, A., Yaghoobpoor, S., et al. (2022) Prognostic Value of Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio in Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BioMed Research International, 2022, Article ID: 9056363.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9056363
|
[17]
|
van der Poll, T., van de Veerdonk, F.L., Scicluna, B.P., et al. (2017) The Immunopathology of Sepsis and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Nature Reviews Immunology, 17, 407-420. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri.2017.36
|
[18]
|
Kumar, S., Ingle, H., Prasad, D.V., et al. (2013) Recognition of Bacterial Infection by Innate Immune Sensors. Critical Reviews in Microbiology, 39, 229-246. https://doi.org/10.3109/1040841X.2012.706249
|
[19]
|
van der Poll, T., Shankar-Hari, M. and Wiersinga, W.J. (2021) The Immunology of Sepsis. Immunity, 54, 2450-2464.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2021.10.012
|
[20]
|
Delano, M.J. and Ward, P.A. (2016) The Immune System’s Role in Sepsis Progression, Resolution, and Long-Term Outcome. Immunological Reviews, 274, 330-353. https://doi.org/10.1111/imr.12499
|
[21]
|
Nedeva, C. (2021) Inflammation and Cell Death of the Innate and Adaptive Immune System during Sepsis. Biomolecules, 11, Article 1011. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11071011
|
[22]
|
Delano, M.J. and Ward, P.A. (2016) Sepsis-Induced Immune Dysfunction: Can Immune Therapies Reduce Mortality? Journal of Clinical Investigation, 126, 23-31. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI82224
|
[23]
|
Tan, C., Gu, J., Chen, H., et al. (2020) Inhibition of Aerobic Glycolysis Promotes Neutrophil to Influx to the Infectious Site via CXCR2 in Sepsis. Shock, 53, 114-123. https://doi.org/10.1097/SHK.0000000000001334
|
[24]
|
Shen, X.F., Cao, K., Jiang, J.P., et al. (2017) Neutrophil Dysregulation during Sepsis: An Overview and Update. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 21, 1687-1697. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.13112
|
[25]
|
Ji, J. and Fan, J. (2021) Neutrophil in Reverse Migration: Role in Sepsis. Frontiers in Immunology, 12, Article ID: 656039. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.656039
|
[26]
|
Liu, L. and Sun, B. (2019) Neutrophil Pyroptosis: New Perspec-tives on Sepsis. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 76, 2031-2042. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-019-03060-1
|
[27]
|
Masucci, M.T., Minopoli, M., Del Vecchio, S., et al. (2020) The Emerging Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in Tumor Progression and Metastasis. Frontiers in Immunology, 11, Article 1749.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01749
|
[28]
|
Mutua, V. and Gershwin, L.J. (2021) A Review of Neutrophil Ex-tracellular Traps (NETs) in Disease: Potential Anti-NETs Therapeutics. Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology, 61, 194-211.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-020-08804-7
|
[29]
|
Kumar, S., Payal, N., Srivastava, V.K., et al. (2021) Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Organ Dysfunction in Sepsis. Clinica Chimica Acta, 523, 152-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2021.09.012
|
[30]
|
Liew, P.X. and Kubes, P. (2019) The Neutrophil’s Role during Health and Disease. Physiological Reviews, 99, 1223-1248. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00012.2018
|
[31]
|
Zhu, C.L., Wang, Y., Liu, Q., et al. (2022) Dysregulation of Neutrophil Death in Sepsis. Frontiers in Immunology, 13, Article ID: 963955. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.963955
|
[32]
|
Hotchkiss, R.S., Monneret, G. and Payen, D. (2013) Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression: From Cellular Dysfunctions to Immunotherapy. Nature Reviews Immunology, 13, 862-874. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri3552
|
[33]
|
Francois, B., Jeannet, R., Daix, T., et al. (2018) Interleukin-7 Re-stores Lymphocytes in Septic Shock: The IRIS-7 Randomized Clinical Trial. JCI Insight, 3, e98960. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.98960
|
[34]
|
Ammer-Herrmenau, C., Kulkarni, U., Andreas, N., et al. (2019) Sep-sis Induces Long-Lasting Impairments in CD4+ T-Cell Responses Despite Rapid Numerical Recovery of T-Lymphocyte Populations. PLOS ONE, 14, e0211716.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211716
|
[35]
|
Girardot, T., Rimmelé, T., Venet, F., et al. (2017) Apopto-sis-Induced Lymphopenia in Sepsis and Other Severe Injuries. Apoptosis, 22, 295-305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10495-016-1325-3
|
[36]
|
Cheng, Z., Abrams, S.T., Toh, J., et al. (2020) The Critical Roles and Mechanisms of Immune Cell Death in Sepsis. Frontiers in Immunology, 11, Article 1918. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01918
|
[37]
|
Torres, L.K., Pickkers, P. and van der Poll, T. (2022) Sep-sis-Induced Immunosuppression. Annual Review of Physiology, 84, 157-181. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-061121-040214
|
[38]
|
Nascimento, D.C., Alves-Filho, J.C., Sônego, F., et al. (2010) Role of Regulatory T Cells in Long-Term Immune Dysfunction Associated with Severe Sepsis. Critical Care Medicine, 38 1718-1725.
https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181e78ad0
|
[39]
|
Zhao, Y., Shao, Q. and Peng, G. (2020) Exhaustion and Senescence: Two Crucial Dysfunctional States of T Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cellular & Molecular Immu-nology, 17, 27-35.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-019-0344-8
|
[40]
|
Shankar-Hari, M., Fish, M. and Azoulay, E. (2020) Should We Consider Blocking the Inhibitory Immune Checkpoint Molecules for Treating T Cell Exhaustion in Sepsis? Intensive Care Medicine, 46, 119-121.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-019-05814-8
|
[41]
|
McBride, M.A., Patil, T.K., Bohannon, J.K., et al. (2021) Im-mune Checkpoints: Novel Therapeutic Targets to Attenuate Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression. Frontiers in Immunol-ogy, 11, Article ID: 624272.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.624272
|
[42]
|
Wu, J., Li, L. and Luo, J. (2022) Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Monocyte Distribution Width in Sepsis. Journal of Inflammation Research, 15, 4107-4117. https://doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S372666
|
[43]
|
Ljungström, L.L., Karlsson, D., Pernestig, A., et al. (2015) Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Count Ratio Performs Better than Procalcitonin as a Biomarker for Bacteremia and Severe Sepsis in the Emergency Department. Critical Care, 19, Article No. P66. https://doi.org/10.1186/cc14146
|
[44]
|
Hou, S.K., Lin, H.A., Chen, S.C., et al. (2021) Monocyte Distribution Width, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Plate-let-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Improves Early Prediction for Sepsis at the Emergency. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11, Article 732. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11080732
|
[45]
|
Tian, T., Wei, B. and Wang, J. (2021) Study of C-Reactive Protein, Procalcitonin, and Immunocyte Ratios in 194 Patients with Sepsis. BMC Emergency Medicine, 21, Article No. 81. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-021-00477-5
|
[46]
|
Westerdijk, K., Simons, K.S., Zegers, M., et al. (2019) The Value of the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Count Ratio in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Cohort Study. PLOS ONE, 14, e0212861. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0212861
|
[47]
|
Kaushik, R., Gupta, M., Sharma, M., et al. (2018) Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Early and Late Phase of Sepsis. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, 22, 660-663.
https://doi.org/10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_59_18
|
[48]
|
Spoto, S., Lupoi, D.M., Valeriani, E., Fogolari, M., et al. (2021) Diagnostic Accuracy and Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios in Septic Patients outside the Intensive Care Unit. Medicina (Kaunas), 57, Article 811. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57080811
|
[49]
|
Karamouzos, V., Paraskevas, T., Mulita, F., et al. (2022) Neutro-phil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet to Lymphocyte Percentage Ratio as Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality in Sepsis. An Observational Cohort Study. Materia Socio-Medica, 34, 33-36. https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2022.33.33-36
|
[50]
|
Ni, J., Wang, H., Li, Y., et al. (2019) Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) as a Prognostic Marker for In-Hospital Mortality of Patients with Sepsis: A Secondary Analysis Based on a Single-Center, Retrospective, Cohort Study. Medicine (Baltimore), 98, e18029. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000018029
|
[51]
|
Chebl, R.B., Assaf, M., Kattouf, N., et al. (2022) The Asso-ciation between the Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and In-Hospital Mortality among Sepsis Patients: A Prospective Study. Medicine (Baltimore), 101, e29343.
https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000029343
|
[52]
|
Ye, W., Chen, X., Huang, Y., et al. (2020) The Association between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Count Ratio and Mortality in Septic Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of the MIMIC-III Database. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 12, 1843- 1855. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd-20-1169
|
[53]
|
Li, Y., Wang, J., Wei, B., et al. (2022) Value of Neutrophil:Lymphocyte Ratio Combined with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score in Assessing the Prognosis of Sepsis Patients. International Journal of General Medicine, 15, 1901-1908. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S348200
|
[54]
|
Li, J.Y., Yao, R.Q., Liu, S.Q., et al. (2021) Efficiency of Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio Combined with Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting 28-Day Mortality in Patients with Sepsis. Frontiers in Medicine (Lausanne), 8, Article 741015. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.741015
|
[55]
|
Liu, S., Wang, X., She, F., et al. (2021) Effects of Neutro-phil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Combined with Interleukin-6 in Predicting 28-Day Mortality in Patients with Sepsis. Frontiers in Immunology, 12, Article 639735.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.639735
|
[56]
|
Hwang, S.Y., Shin, T.G., Jo, I.J., et al. (2017) Neutro-phil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Prognostic Marker in Critically-Ill Septic Patients. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 35, 234-239.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2016.10.055
|
[57]
|
Liu, S., Li, Y., She, F., et al. (2021) Predictive Value of Immune Cell Counts and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio for 28-Day Mortality in Patients with Sepsis Caused by In-tra-Abdominal Infection. Burns & Trauma, 9, tkaa040.
https://doi.org/10.1093/burnst/tkaa040
|
[58]
|
Drăgoescu, A.N., Pădureanu, V., Stănculescu, A.D., et al. (2022) Neu-trophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR)—A Useful Tool for the Prognosis of Sepsis in the ICU. Biomedicines, 10, Article 75.
https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10010075
|
[59]
|
Huang, Z., Fu, Z., Huang, W., et al. (2020) Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Sepsis: A Meta-Analysis. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 38, 641-647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2019.10.023
|
[60]
|
Yilmaz, H., Cakmak, M., Inan, O., et al. (2015) Can Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio Be Independent Risk Factor for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Severe Sepsis? Renal Failure, 37, 225-229.
https://doi.org/10.3109/0886022X.2014.982477
|
[61]
|
Bu, X., Zhang, L., Chen, P., et al. (2019) Relation of Neu-trophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio to Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Retrospective Study. International Immunopharmacology, 70, 372-377.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2019.02.043
|
[62]
|
Victor, P., Connor, W., Afsana, A., et al. (2020) Association of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Acute Kidney Injury in Septic Patients in the ICU. Chest, 158, A603-A603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.08.568
|
[63]
|
Sarı, R., Karakurt, Z., Ay, M., et al. (2019) Neutrophil to Lym-phocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Treatment Response and Mortality in Septic Shock Patients in the Intensive Care Unit. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 49, 1336-1349.
https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-1901-105
|
[64]
|
Cai, J., Li, H., Zhang, C., et al. (2021) The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Determines Clinical Efficacy of Corticosteroid Therapy in Patients with COVID-19. Cell Metabolism, 33, 258-269.e3.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2021.01.002
|